Aquaculture systems are classified accor ding to the following criteria. Aquaculture aquaculture is the farming of aquatic plants and animals in controlled environments. A definition of aquaculture intensity based on production. Aquaculture can be done in a pond, a river, a lake, an estuary or in the sea. The term aquaculture covers all forms of farming of aquatic. Finfish and shellfish are grown in artificial containers such as earthen ponds, cages and concrete or fiberglass tanks. Majority of the small scale, subsistence fish farmers in rural kenya fall in this category. Ordinary fresh water fish culture ponds are stillwater ponds. Cost, technology, stocking density, and production levels are all high. Production in these systems ranges between 500 and 1500 kghayear. When using this terminology the specific characterization of each system must be defined, as there are no clear distinctions and levels of intensification represent a continuum. Aquaculture systems come in many types including inland pond, recirculating systems, opennet and cage systems, raceways or flowthroughs and so on. Aquaculture food and agriculture organization of the united nations.
Farmreared freshfish is increasing in popularity and profitability. Catfish, trout, striped bas, oysters, clams and other aquatic species are fast becoming the new. They vary a great deal in waterspread area and depth. However, the capture fishery cannot be expected to be. The type of system used for aquaculture production is a combination. Based on the number of species that are cultured in a system aquaculture may be classified into. Unit abstract the aim of this unit is to equip students with a general knowledge of the most typical european and global aquaculture systems. Types of aquaculture below are a few common types of aquaculture systems inland pond culture this usually involves inland artificial ponds of about 20 acres in size and about 68ft deep.
No single system is appropriate for all situa tions. The analysis shows that in aquaponic system water use is minimum, fish and vegetable production per unit area is higher than the conventional aquaculture and agricultural systems. To be successful in this quite advanced type of aquaculture calls for training and. Mariculture is the branch of aquaculture that cultivates marine organisms either in the open ocean, an enclosed portion of the ocean, or tanks or ponds filled with seawater.
These systems form the bulk of aquaculture production in kenya. Brackish water cultivation of seabass, mullets, shrimp etc on the basis of management 1. Aquaculture includes culture of fish, crustaceans, molluscs etc. Finfish like flounder and whiting, shellfish like prawns and oysters, and sea plants like kelp and seaweed are cultured in saltwater. Types of aquaculture intensive aquaculture involves high degree of control over the systems. Fs104aquaculture systems maryland sea grant university of. The availability of highquality water is usually the most crucial resource when making decisions about where, what and how much fish to farm. As a consequence, those systems generally produce less than those of more intensity. Mention has been made earlier of some of the essential components of aquaculture such as water quality control, fish breading, fish genetics, fish nutrition, fish feed formulation, fish pathology, fish. It is common to see aeration systems connected to the pond, to introduce air into the ponds. A guide to recirculation aquaculture food and agriculture.
Aquaculture systems range from very extensive, through semiintensive and highly intensive to hyperintensive. The most common types of farmed fish are catfish, tilapia, salmon, carp, cod and trout. Technology is paving the way for many new types of aquaculture. The most common smallscale aquaculture systems are. Types include centrifugal vertical turbine magnetic drive submersible proper sizing drives system efficiency utilize gravity. Multidisciplinary and systems characteristics of modern aquaculture need to be especially emphasised in a lecture on definition of aquaculture. The net contribution of these traditional aquaculture systems can be great as they. Seed stock is produced from domestic brood stock within the system.
Fish farming is cultivation of fish for commercial purposes in manmade tanks and other enclosures. Fish production was previously heavily dependent upon capture fishery and in particular the marine resources. Climate does not limit the scale of aquaculture but it can determine the species that can be grown. Information on systems that are applicable to your area and species to be cultured may be obtained from your. The expansion of some forms of aquaculture, particularly salmon and shrimp farms, has proven. Modern aquaculture systems play a very important role in the supply of fish for culinary purposes. This enhances the supply of oxygen and also reduces ice formation.